ERNST ZUNDEL AND THE POLITICS OF 'GOTCHA'

[zgrams at zgrams.zundelsite.org]

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ERNST ZUNDEL AND THE POLITICS OF 'GOTCHA'

  by Bruce Leichty / Immigration Attorney for Ernst Zundel

  On January 24, 2007, I was arguing before three judges in 
Cincinnati, on behalf of my German-born client Ernst Zundel and his 
wife Ingrid Rimland Zundel, when a curious thing happened.

  Out of nowhere, it seemed, the presiding judge in the case, Judge 
Deborah Cook, a George Bush appointee of 2003, asked me coldly 
whether my clients were playing "gotcha" with the government.

  "Gotcha" with the most powerful government on Earth - now that was a 
strange thing to be hearing in this marble-accented chamber. But 
don't get me wrong; I knew what the judge was suggesting.

  For over a year, I had been relishing the opportunity to stand in 
front of a panel of judges at the 6th Circuit and essentially 
challenge them to find any error in my airtight legal argument - that 
Ernst Zundel, a [controversial] Holocaust revisionist who was 
awaiting U.S. permanent residence through his U.S. citizen wife 
Ingrid, had been arrested and whisked out of the United States 
illegally in 2003 based on premises that could not possibly hold up 
under impartial judicial scrutiny.

  I was frankly elated that I had discovered the government's Achilles 
heel - that when federal agents had arrested and deported Ernst 
Zundel in 2/03 they had done so based on a false premise about Ernst 
Zundel's last entry into the United States. That turned Ernst 
Zundel's case into an extrajudicial rendition - and it had all the 
earmarks of one, because Ernst's fate was to be confined in Canada 
for two years and declared a national security threat under a law 
that allowed secret evidence - a law that the Canadian Supreme Court 
has now declared unconstitutional. After doing its dirty work, Canada 
then deported Zundel to Germany, where he was convicted of inciting 
racial hatred and sentenced to five years in prison - for nothing 
more than his political speech.

  It all started with the U.S. federal agents in 2003. These agents 
postulated that Ernst Zundel had waived all his rights to due process 
in the United States under a program called the Visa Waiver Pilot 
Program. But I knew this was impossible, and I could explain it to 
anyone willing to put aside their prejudices for a few minutes: Ernst 
Zundel had last entered the U.S. in May 2000 when the Visa Waiver 
Pilot Program had already expired, and before Congress had belatedly 
authorized a permanent visa waiver program in October 2000.

  When the pilot program expired, so did the authority of 
then-Attorney General Janet Reno to admit anyone from Germany without 
a visa. She didn't get her "visa waiver" authority restored until 
October 2000.  Attorney General Reno decided that, while Congress 
mulled over the fate of the program, German visitors expecting to 
enter with visa waivers instead would be allowed into the United 
States under a program known as "parole."

  So I was gratified that it didn't matter what Ernst Zundel thought 
when he crossed the Canada-U.S. border that night in May 2000, namely 
that he might need to flash his outdated visa waiver program 
authorization, but that what really mattered was the actual state of 
federal immigration law at the time. After all, in this country we 
don't hold people accountable to laws that they might have believed 
existed, but rather to laws that actually do exist.

  I was gratified that, contrary to the opinion of the folksy District 
Court judge who had kicked Ernst's case out of his Knoxville, 
Tennessee court, this expert panel would have to agree that Ernst 
Zundel's own expectations were irrelevant.

  Rather, the question would have to be: in May 2000, did Ernst sign 
away his rights to a court hearing, or didn't he?

  I knew that he had signed nothing in May 2000. So did the 
government. Of course, the government claimed that he had signed a 
waiver of rights earlier, in March 2000, while the visa waiver pilot 
program was still in effect. But -- didn't that earlier waiver bind 
him only so long as the Attorney General herself still had the power 
to waive visas for Germans?

  It was obvious as a matter of law that it did. Come May 2000, Ernst 
Zundel couldn't use the program and Janet Reno couldn't use it 
either. Janet Reno couldn't enforce a waiver of due process rights if 
her agents let Ernst into the country without a visa after her 
authority to do so had been withdrawn.

  Therefore I knew that honest judges would have to find that Ernst 
Zundel had not waived any of his rights in order to enter the U.S. 
and that Reno's agents had instead targeted Ernst Zundel for his 
controversial opinions; they couldn't simply arrest Ernst Zundel in 
2/03 and whisk him out of the country before considering his 
marriage. Our immigration laws have always had a high view of 
marriage to a U.S. citizen! Hundreds of Mexican nationals exercise 
those marriage-based rights every year before immigration officers - 
despite illegal entry!

  Ernst knew that, too, soon after he entered the U.S. in May 2000. 
Tired of all his legal struggles in Canada, he and Ingrid consulted 
with a Tennessee immigration attorney in the summer of 2000, and they 
decided to get married then, and not later. In October 2000 they 
began life together in Tennessee assured in the knowledge that, like 
others who marry U.S. citizens after entering for some other reason, 
Ernst's status would be resolved through his marriage, without need 
for him to leave the United States. Their Tennessee attorney told 
them so.

  And now Judge Cook was effectively challenging me in not so many 
words to admit that I had outmaneuvered the government - that if my 
argument were accepted the United States government was backed into a 
corner with no way out, that I had somehow trapped the government by 
its own words or acts. That the United States government had been 
outsmarted.

  The term "gotcha" was not exactly neutral and dispassionate judicial 
language. It implies something devious, something substantively 
unfair. It evokes images of gamesmanship - of legal scholars or canon 
law experts or rabbis sitting in their parlors seeing who can one-up 
the other with their logic. I bridled at the suggestion.

  And while I knew what prompted the question, I was also startled at 
the candor of the judge. Even considering the coded implications of 
her slang, to pose the question so openly smacked of desperation. The 
desperation itself was not a surprise, but the revelation was. (Was 
Judge Cook thinking of her own public humiliation, two weeks earlier, 
as a "gotcha" moment? On January 12, 2007, after an investigative 
reporter had uncovered two illegal campaign contributions she made 
after she had taken office as a federal judge, she apologized and 
backtracked from an earlier explanation that these contributions had 
been made by her lawyer husband. She explained instead that she 
hadn't been aware of the prohibition, since she had not attended 
federal judges' school.)

  My answer to Judge Cook's question, formed hastily and framed in as 
dignified a tone as I could muster, was that we were not playing 
"gotcha" at all, but rather just urging the court to follow the law. 
It was very true. But in retrospect that was too prosaic an answer, 
too defensive to have been the best answer.

  The gall! What I wish I would have declared to Judge Cook and her 
colleagues was that if there was any "gotcha" involving Ernst Zundel 
and the United States, the judge had it backwards - big time!

  This certainly wasn't a case where Ernst Zundel and his 
slingshot-armed lawyer should stand accused of "putting one over" on 
the United States, but rather a case where the United States had 
pulled a Goliath-style "gotcha" on Ernst.

  Ernst Zundel knew that thousands of people like him had remained in 
the U.S. and adjusted status based on their marriages to U.S. 
citizens; that it was the policy of the INS to respect those 
marriages EVEN IF they had entered with visa waivers. Now he was 
supposed to know that INS reserved the right to change course 
suddenly because this was just "policy" and not "law?" Gotcha!!

  Ernst Zundel and his Tennessee attorney knew that once notified of 
an appointment date, if either of them had a conflict, it was the 
policy of INS to honor an initial rescheduling request and to 
automatically reschedule the appointment. Ernst Zundel was supposed 
to know that when his Tennessee attorney had to ask for rescheduling 
in 2001, this policy did not have to be honored? Gotcha!!

  Ernst Zundel was supposed to know that the two letters about the 
rescheduling sent by his attorney (one certified) would turn up 
missing in his INS file, thereby establishing a pretext for federal 
agents to say that Ernst had "missed" his adjustment interview? 
Gotcha!!

  Ernst Zundel was supposed to know that instead there was a letter in 
his file issued by INS in January 2002 stating that he had been 
deemed to have abandoned his permanent residence application for 
failure to appear at his interview, when this letter was not even 
sent to him or his attorney until a full year later, after he was 
arrested? Gotcha!!

  Ernst Zundel was supposed to know that after his wife found an 
attorney to ask for an emergency writ of habeas corpus in Knoxville, 
the judge would summarily deny the request without a hearing, while 
Ernst was still confined in Blount County Jail, where he was 
terrorized with dogs and their black-clad handlers? Gotcha!!

  Or that when his attorney first sought a stay of that abrupt order 
from the Sixth Circuit, the Sixth Circuit would communicate with his 
INS adversaries by ex parte fax (without disclosure to his attorney) 
in order to confirm that Ernst was a "visa waiver" entrant (a 
falsity)? Gotcha!!

  But of course there wasn't time to make all these points either. 
Under Judge Cook's glare and with the merciless clock ticking, I 
finished my argument. Judge Cook and her colleague, Judge Martha 
Daughtrey, had already taken up most of the time with hostile 
questions. It was left to me to entreat them to read the expiration 
provisions of the Visa Waiver statute and regulation very carefully. 
When she was on the Ohio Supreme Court prior to becoming a federal 
judge, Judge Cook had the reputation of being a "strict 
constructionist." That was fine by me. Would she strictly construe 
this statute and regulation, too, even though it favored Ernst Zundel?

  Would Judge Daughtrey, said to be one of the appeals court judges 
most sympathetic to the rights of habeas petitioners, recognize that 
Ernst Zundel had his liberties stripped from him without due process?

  Would the silent Judge Herman Weber, a WWII veteran who had made 
difficult decisions respecting First Amendment rights as a district 
court trial judge, understand the implications of this case for the 
free speech rights of Ernst Zundel protected under the First 
Amendment? That the illegal actions of the U.S. government had set in 
motion a disastrous chain of events resulting in Ernst Zundel being 
handed over to countries whose repressive laws are the same as those 
that Americans fought and died over?

  Would these three Cincinnati judges, perhaps feeling hemmed in and 
compelled to do something by law that they found repugnant based on 
their own emotions and conditioning, still honor the law?

  Curious indeed. Was it not fair instead to expect these judges to 
realize that it was the outspoken dissident Ernst Zundel, and not the 
federal government, who was the victim of a diabolical "gotcha" in 
the bizarre saga of his botched extrajudicial rendition, forced 
separation from his wife and cruel interruption of his longed-for 
repose in the land of the free and home of the brave?

  Could I not expect these judges to probe even more deeply, and to ask: "Why?"

  Why was Ernst Zundel snared in a perverse game of "gotcha?"

  After all, this is not a game to Ernst Zundel.

  It is not a game to any person of conscience.

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